Interdigital cysts (interdigital furuncles)
Interdigital cysts are inflamed nodules that form between the toes, most commonly on the front paws. They are painful β the dog typically licks or chews them compulsively.
Causes: bacterial infection (often Staphylococcus), allergic skin disease, friction from walking on abrasive surfaces, or matted hair between the toes acting as a foreign body.
Treatment: twice-daily soaks with 2β3% chlorhexidine solution, systemic antibiotics if bacterially infected, addressing the root cause (allergy management, trimming interdigital hair). Recurrent cases may need CO2 laser surgery.
Paw pad problems
- Hyperkeratosis: thickening and cracking of the pads β can be painful. Causes: genetic (certain breeds), systemic disease (pemphigus, distemper, leishmaniosis). Treatment: petroleum jelly or specific paw balm; address the underlying condition.
- Burns from hot pavement: in summer, asphalt can exceed 60Β°C. Signs: blistering, lameness, bright red pads. Cool with water, cover with gauze, emergency vet.
- Cuts and wounds: rinse with saline, apply chlorhexidine, bandage if bleeding. Deep or non-healing wounds β vet visit.
- Road salt (winter): irritating and toxic if licked. Rinse paws on returning home; apply protective wax or boots before going out in salted areas.
Preventive paw care
- Check between the toes after walks on thorny plants, gravel or soil.
- Trim hair between the toes to prevent matting and debris build-up.
- Moisturise pads with a dog-specific balm in dry or cold weather.
- Trim nails regularly β overgrown nails alter weight distribution and gait.